The Allies never encountered comparable civilian resistance. Mistreatment even led to popular resistance, especially in Eastern Europe, that diverted Germany’s military assets. Nazi racism and Japanese oppression did make it difficult for the Axis to derive the full benefits from the increased resources acquired through conquest. This interpretation rests on a degree of accuracy. “Rosie the Riveter” and her many counterparts in the Allied countries thus won the war. The dominant interpretation stresses resources and such factors as numbers of tanks and ships, and the ability to mobilize the homefront to produce weaponry rather than consumer goods.įrom this perspective, the Allies won because their benign, more-integrated societies allowed them to totally mobilize for war, while the conservative, even reactionary attitudes of the Nazis and the Japanese ensured that they lost. Perhaps this is because conventional wisdom has traditionally emphasized the Allies’ ability to outproduce the Axis. Productive factories provided abundant materiel, but the ability of individual soldiers to adapt made the real difference.įighting quality plays too small a role in most assessments of why the Allies won World War II.
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